Introduction Of Cpp
History :
The C++ programming language was created by Bjarne Stroustrup and his team at Bell Laboratories (AT&T, USA) to help implement simulation projects in an object-oriented and efficient way. The earliest versions, which were originally referred to as “C with classes,” date back to 1980. As the name C++ implies, C++ was derived from the C programming language: ++ is the increment operator in C.
As early as 1989 an ANSI Committee (American National Standards Institute) was founded to standardize the C++ programming language. The aim was to have as many compiler vendors and software developers as possible agree on a unified description of the language in order to avoid the confusion caused by a variety of dialects. In 1998 the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) approved a standard for C++ (ISO/IEC 14882).
Characteristics of C++:
C++ is not a purely object-oriented language but a hybrid that contains the functionality of the C programming language. This means that you have all the features that are available in C:
- universally usable modular programs
- efficient, close to the machine programming
- portable programs for various platforms.
The large quantities of existing C source code can also be used in C++ programs. C++ supports the concepts of object-oriented programming (or OOP for short), which are:
- data abstraction, that is, the creation of classes to describe objects
- data encapsulation for controlled access to object data
- inheritance by creating derived classes (including multiple derived classes)
- polymorphism (Greek for multiform), that is, the implementation of instructions that can have varying effects during program execution. Various language elements were added to C++, such as references, templates, and exception handling. Even though these elements of the language are not strictly object-oriented programming features, they are important for efficient program implementation.
